Hardiii's Blog
Thursday 31 October 2024
Monday 28 October 2024
Bhav Spandan: Youth Festival 2024 Maharaja Krishnakumar Sinhji Bhavnagar University
Maharaja Krishnakumarsinhji Bhavnagar University organized its 32nd Youth Festival, named "Bhavspandan Yuvak Mahotsav," from November 17th to 19th, 2024, and this time, it was hosted by the #Physical_Education_Department of the university.
# Kalayatra:-
Additionally, the interesting and beautiful dance performance on a Stuti was delivered by the Kalarpan Dance Academy Group with the central theme of Narivandana, featuring songs like, "Rangreza".
- કોણ સરહદો ઈચ્છેછે?
- સ્વચ્છતા - ફરજ કેફરજિયાત?
- જીવિમૂલ્યોિી કમી માટેજવાબદાર કોણ?
- કલા - એક રામબાણ ઔષધધ
Sunday 13 October 2024
Saturday 5 October 2024
Wednesday 2 October 2024
CS-1 - Cultural Studies, Media, Power, and the Truly Educated Person
Sunday 22 September 2024
Saturday 21 September 2024
Dr. Sarvapalli Radhakrishnan as a prose writer
Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan (born Sept. 5, 1888, Tiruttani, India—died April 16, 1975, Madras [now Chennai]) was a scholar and statesman who was the president of India from 1962 to 1967. He served as a professor of philosophy at Mysore (1918–21) and Calcutta (1921–31; 1937–41) universities and as vice chancellor of Andhra University (1931–36). He was a professor of Eastern religions and ethics at the University of Oxford in England (1936–52) and vice-chancellor of Benares Hindu University (1939–48) in India. From 1953 to 1962 he was chancellor of the University of Delhi. Radhakrishnan led the Indian delegation to the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO; 1946–52) and was elected chairman of UNESCO’s executive board (1948–49). From 1949 to 1952 he served as Indian ambassador to the Soviet Union. On his return to India in 1952 he was elected vice president, and on May 11, 1962, he was elected president, succeeding Rajendra Prasad, who was the first president of independent India. Radhakrishnan retired from politics five years later. Radhakrishnan’s written works include Indian Philosophy, 2 vol. (1923–27), The Philosophy of the Upanishads (1924), An Idealist View of Life (1932), Eastern Religions and Western Thought (1939), and East and West: Some Reflections (1955). In his lectures and books, he tried to interpret Indian thought for Westerners.
# Some Major Points Related Thinking Activity Task:-
1. Write a note on S. Radhakrishnan’s perspective on Hinduism.
> Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan was an Indian philosopher and statesman. He served as the 2nd President of India and as the 1st Vice President of India. One of the most distinguished twentieth-century scholars of comparative religion and philosophy, Radhakrishnan’s philosophy was grounded in Advaita Vedanta, reinterpreting this tradition for a contemporary understanding. He defended Hinduism against what he called "uninformed Western criticism", contributing to the formation of contemporary Hindu identity. He has influenced the understanding of Hinduism in India and the West and earned a reputation as a bridge-builder between India and the West.
The Hindu View Of Life is a philosophical text by Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan. This text is based on the lecture series addressed by him at the Manchester College, Oxford. The picture of India was not good in the eyes of the Westerners. Therefore to clarify the vision of Hinduism, he addressed this „Upton Lecture‟ in Manchester College, to defend against uninformed criticism and explain its inherent characteristics. Radhakrishnan was aware of the facts which ought to be clarified or without which the Hindu view is incomplete. In the Text, S.Radhakrishanan has stated the principle of Hinduism. It is an endeavour to indicate the central motives of the Hindu faith and show its way of approaching it. This text is a relic in the world of philosophy. The text is composed of four chapters each chapter is a delivered attempt to clarify the vision of Hinduism. In the first two chapters of the text, Radhakrishnan has given the nature and content of Hinduism toward these conflicts. He believes that Hinduism is a kind of experience it insight into the nature of reality (Darshana) or understanding of reality (Anubhav). The third chapter deals with the theory of Maya, and talks about ethical principles. The theory of karma has two aspects – The Individual aspect or the principle of Ashrams, Another is the social aspect or the Varna Theory. In the third lecture, S.Radhakrishanan talked about Hinduism along with the principles of Ashrams, In the final chapter he discussed about the social issues related to the caste and the class system, also discussed racial conflict and provided solutions to all of these problems. He finds that the racial problems in India are unique, and the caste system in India is complex in origin. S.Radhakrishnan is known for his commentaries on the Bhagavad Gita, the Upanishads and the Brahma Sutras where he shows his ability to convert the incomprehensible into a meaningful. The Hindu view of life by S.Radhakrishanan is considered a relic in the world of philosophy. S.Radhakrishnana was aware of the usual criticism levelled against the Hindu religious practice and beliefs by missionaries. He has painted the problems of nature and the destiny of men, also portrait the importance of spirituality in the very nature of men and men‟ 's spiritual development. In this Philosophical text S.Radhakrishnana has explained the origin, and development of the Hindu religion and analyzes the Hindu way of life. The four lectures deal with different aspects of „Hinduism‟. For Him, Hinduism is not an internally recognized word, but the term „Hindu‟ has territorial significance, not the creedal one, which implies “residence in well-defined geographical areas.” The people on the Indian of the Sindhu River were called Hindu by the Persian and later by the Western Invaders. Hinduism is not a sectarian creed or a form of thought but a way of life believing in unity in diversity. Hinduism is a scientific religion based on facts that one reaches through the institution or religious experience. For many, Hinduism is without content, S.Radhakrishnana believes that if it has content then it has altered from age to age. The ease of Hinduism is that it has steadily absorbed the customs and ideas of the people without whom it has come in contact. If we talk about the Hindu Religion or the Religious Experience, In Hindu Religion is not the acceptance of academic abstractions or celebrations of ceremonies, but Religion is a kind of experience. Religion is an insight into the nature of reality (Darshana) or the Experience of reality (Anubhava). Religious experience is self-certifying and depends on faith, an institution that depends upon experience rather than on authority just like in Christianity. To define „Faith‟ Radhakrishnan has quoted western critic Wesley “ Faith is the vision of soul the power by which spiritual things are apprehended. To transform the religious experience gained through vision of soul into reality we depend upon the intellectual account of experience.” Therefore we depend upon Vedas. Vedas are the chief sacred scriptures of the Hindus. Vedas are not so much dogmatic but capable of being re-experienced. Vedas are co-existence of institution and reason. In Hindu thought there is no breach between reason and institution. Hinduism is a living tradition experimental and admits other points of view. Unlike other religions which believe in absolutism and dismiss others' experiences as illusionary, Hinduism readily admits others' points of view and considers them to be worthy of attention. Like in Christianity which accepts only a particular kind of spiritual experience. S. Radhakrishnan has a belief that a tradition that doesn't grow means its followers are spiritually dead. Hinduism tradition is an organism with steady growth of insight and experimenting with new forms developing new ideals.
In the Second lecture, S.Radhakrishnan discussed about the conflicts of religion and the attitude of Hinduism toward it. He says that „though different religions have inherent differences in formulations of mystical experiences, Hinduism is universal in believing in one Reality God‟. He means that God is one but images and descriptions of God vary from person to person, religion to religion. A seer who has seen the Divine doesn't attach importance to „outward forms‟. For him the exterior reality doesn‟t matter. Through his institutions and faith, he gains experience which is an apprehension of the spiritual things. The true seer is gifted with a universality of outlook. He is convinced of the inexhaustibility of the nature of God and the number of its manifestations. “Hinduism is not a fanatic faith in an inflexible creed”. Hinduism absorbs everything that enters into it, magic or animism and raises it to a higher level. Comprehensive charity, respect and goodwill for other creeds are notes of Hinduism. Hinduism is the world‟ first missionary religion in that it takes into it all fold non-Aryan creeds and beliefs without any mission to convert humanity to its opinion. It is a religion of reconciliation and assimilation that incorporates all good and bad but it cuts unsatisfying elements. It has a large comprehensive unity of living with a fixed orientation. Hindu methods of religious reform are essentially democratic in nature, they accept every cult and bring out a change in its content and not merely in its beliefs in transformation by assimilation, suggestion and persuasion and not by force. The aim of the reformer is to cure the defect not to criticize the view. This aspect leads to the realization of the incorporate supreme by altering the bias of the mind. The Hindu religion has a belief in gradual but continual evolution. The Hindu method of conflict has been criticized as indifferent as it enables every group to retain its past associations and preserve its individuality and interests. It doesn‟t believe in exclusive absolutism, i.e. bringing about a mechanical uniformity of belief. It has a notion that religion is not a correct belief but righteous living. Though the Hindu method is perfect, it has bound together multitudinous sects and devotions into a common scheme. Radhakrishnan's belief in tolerance of other beliefs is the only solution to achieve peace in the world.
2. Write a note on the contribution of S. Radhakrishnan in Indian Writing in English.
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